adults slept less than the recommended amount. Statistics show that disturbed sleep patterns are increasingly common: In 2013, an estimated 40% of U.S. Smartphone addiction results in bedtime procrastination, And then less sleep duration and quality may trigger many negative emotions responsible for depression and anxiety. In addition, bedtime procrastination plays a mediated role between smartphone addiction and depression and anxiety. Those people enjoy the temporary satisfaction of smartphone use and want more time to entertain themselves. People who are addicted to a smartphone are more likely to delay their bedtime because they find it hard to stop using the phone and keep getting distracted by it before going to sleep. Smartphone addiction directly causes bedtime procrastination. There are many distractions in the 21st century: obtaining distractions to delay sleep is much easier than in earlier decades. The person may not consciously be avoiding sleep, but rather continuing to complete activities they perceive as more enjoyable than sleep (such as watching television or browsing social media). Now, defining Bedtime Procrastination is shown in multiple ways like "going to bed later than planned" and "delaying sleep." Causes Īn individual may procrastinate sleep due to a variety of causes. Lee popularised the term in a Twitter post using the term "revenge bedtime procrastination" (報復性熬夜), describing it as "a phenomenon in which people who don't have much control over their daytime life refuse to sleep early in order to regain some sense of freedom during late night hours." The term "bedtime procrastination" became popular based on a 2014 study from the Netherlands. "Revenge" because many feel that it is the only way they can take any control over their daytime self. The "revenge" prefix is believed to have been added first in China in the late 2010s, possibly relating to the 996 working hour system (72 hours per week). This suggests that one of the main factors of bedtime procrastination is human behaviour. It is most often that people lack sleep not because they cannot fall asleep but because they do not put themselves in the best situation to fall asleep. Bedtime procrastination has been linked to shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep quality and higher fatigue during the day. The term originated from a Chinese social media platform, Weibo, in 2014. This latter phenomenon has recently been called revenge bedtime procrastination. The causes of bedtime procrastination vary from losing sight of the time to staying up later than desired in an attempt to have control over the night due to a perceived lack of influence over events during the day. Psychological phenomenon Artist's impression of a woman using her smartphone late at nightīedtime procrastination is a psychological phenomenon that involves needlessly and voluntarily delaying going to bed, despite foreseeably being worse off as a result.
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